Fact Sheets
| Title | Type | Lang |
|---|---|---|
| 📄Adenovrius Hemorrhagic Disease in Deer | document | EN |
| 📄Avian Influenza | document | EN |
| 📄Avian Mycoplasmosis Fact Sheet | document | EN |
| 📄Avian Salmonellosis | document | EN |
| 📄Bats and Rabies | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Cats and Wildlife | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Chytridiomycosis Fact Sheet | document | EN |
| 📄Distemper | document | EN |
| 📄Entanglement Of Marine Mammals In Plastic | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Harmful Algal Blooms | document | EN |
| 📄Histoplasmosis | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Lead Poisoning | document | EN |
| 📄Lyme Disease | document | EN |
| 📄Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease | document | EN |
| 📄Rabies | document | EN |
| 📄Ranavirus | document | EN |
| 📄Salamander Chytridiomycosis Fact Sheet | document | EN |
| 📄Sarcoptic Mange | document | EN |
| 📄Snake Fungal Disease | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Trichomonosis Fact Sheet | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Tularemia | document | EN |
| 📄West Nile Virus | document | EN |
| 📄Whirling Disease | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Ingestion of Microplastics | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Winter Tick | document | EN |
Wildlife Health Notes
Wildlife Health Snapshots
| Title | Type | Lang |
|---|---|---|
| 📄CMHO/CVO Update: Wildlife Health as Sentinels of Community Vulnerability to Climate Change | document | EN |
| 📄CMHO/CVO Update: Are Environmental Changes Driving Fungal Disease Emergence? | document | EN |
| 📄CMHO/CVO Update: Healthy Abundant Wildlife - A foundation for Northern & Rural Food Security | document | EN |
| 📄CMHO/CVO Update: Lead Exposure Through Ammunition and Weights Used in Hunting and Fishing | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: A Snapshot On Climate Change Impact on Seafood Safety | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: A Snapshot On Urban Planning and Vector-Borne Diseases | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: A Snapshot On Surprise Preparedness: If we Can't Predict, Why Pay Attention to Nature? | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: Tracking changing avian influenza risk over time | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: A Snapshot On Permafrost thawing and the risk of emerging infections | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Health: A Snapshot On Echinococcus multilocularis - Changing epidemiology warrants attention | document | EN |
Manuals and Guides
| Title | Type | Lang |
|---|---|---|
| 📄Wildlife health and SARS-CoV-2: Handling Guidelines (Version 2) | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Guidelines for the Euthanasia and Humane Killing of Migratory Birds in Canada, Under Damage or Danger or Avicultural Permits | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Safety Manual for Harvesters of Fish and Wildlife in Nunavut | document | EN |
| 📄Safety Manual for Harvesters of Fish and Wildlife in Nunavut: Supplemental Information on Disease | document | EN |
| 📄Field Guide to Diseases and Parasites of Marine Mammals of the Eastern Canadian Arctic | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Disease Investigation Manual (3rd Edition) | document | EN |
| 📄Canadian Directory of Expertise in Wildlife Health (2nd Edition) | document | EN |
| 📄Capturing and Handling of Wildlife: Approaches to Reducing Stress | document | EN |
| 📄Wildlife Toxicology | document | EN |
| 📄Management and Intervention in Diseases of Wild Animals | document | EN |
| 📄Moving Wild Animals: Health and Environmental Issues, Assessing Risks and Benefits | document | EN |
| 📄Waterfowl Diseases and Wetland Management | document | EN |
| 📄Health and Disease in Wild Freshwater Fish | document | EN |
| 📄Health Risks to Wildlife Personnel: Hazards from Disease-Causing Agents | document | EN |
| 📄Surveillance of Wild Animal Diseases in Europe | document | EN |
Decontamination Protocols
| Title | Type | Lang |
|---|---|---|
| 📄A Caver's Guide to WNS Decontamination | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Canadian National White-nose Syndrome Decontamination Protocol For Entering Bat Hibernacula | document | EN | FR |
| 📄Recommendations For Decontamination During Summer Activities | document | EN |
| 📄Decontamination Protocol For Field Work With Amphibians And Reptiles In Canada | document | EN | FR |
| ►Canadian National White-nose Decontamination Protocol | youtube | EN | FR |
Other Decontamination Protocols
Canadian National White-nose Decontamination Protocol
US WNS decontamination protocol and resources
Infographics
Brochures
Case Definitions
Welcome to the first manual of “Case Definitions for Wildlife Diseases,” a “living” electronic publication. The plan is to add and update this manual’s case definitions periodically as warranted; thus, this manual will never be completed, and readers should download the latest versions of specific chapters (that is, definitions) when available. Constructive suggestions from readers are welcome and will help guide adjustments as this project progresses.
The purpose of this manual is to provide case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States. Case definitions provide standard sets of criteria for classifying the degree of certainty of a particular diagnosis and help improve surveillance data quality and comparability. Better data and standardization allow for improved data sharing, which increases geographic and species surveillance coverage and permits more robust analyses.
The definitions included in this manual have been developed by veterinary pathologists, epidemiologists, and wildlife biologists primarily from the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) and Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC). Pathologists from each organization reviewed and finalized the definitions. Each case definition has been peer reviewed by two scientific experts before publication.
This manual begins with the case definition template. This generic template includes four sections: “Individual, Place, and Time Criteria for Diagnosis and Testing,” “Field Criteria for Diagnosis,” “Laboratory Criteria for Diagnosis,” and “Epidemiological Linkage Criteria for Diagnosis” and can be used to guide development of new case definitions. Information in each section is then combined to provide an overall case classification. Disease diagnoses are classified as “Confirmed,” “Presumptive,” or “Suspected;” and evidence of a pathogen or toxin is classified as “Exposed” or “Present/Detected.” Each subsequent chapter is then a case definition for a specific disease of wildlife, and infectious and non-infectious diseases are included.
CASE DEFINTION DOCUMENTS
- Disease/Condition] Case Definition [Template] for Wildlife
- West Nile Virus (Avian) Case Definition for Wildlife
- Avian Botulism Case Definition for Wildlife
- Ophidiomycosis (Snake Fungal Disease) Case Definition for Wildlife
- Electrocution (Avian) Case Definition for Wildlife
- Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD) Case Definition for Wildlife
